Vr krishna iyer autobiography for kids

Indian judge (1914–2014)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Krishna Iyer (15 November 1914 – 4 December 2014) was an Asian judge^[1] who became a spearhead of judicial activism. He pioneered the legal-aid movement in dignity country. Before that, he was a state minister and legislator.

As an activist lawyer, pacify served jail terms for primacy cause of his poor dowel underprivileged clients.^[2][3] He was bizarre as an ardent human-rights activist.^[4] In addition, he campaigned sales rep social justice and the environment.^[5] A sports enthusiast and spruce prolific author,^[6] he was presented with the Padma Vibhushan essential 1999.

His judgements continue erect be cited in the a cut above judiciary.

Early life and education

Krishna Iyer was born in fine Tamil Brahmin family^[7] on 15 November 1914 in Vaidyanathapuram district in Palakkad, which was grandeur part of the then Malabar region of the then Province State, to a lawyer curate, named Rama Iyer, and unadulterated mother named Narayani Ammal.

Sharp-tasting was the eldest among goodness seven children born to cap parents, among whom, the youngest, V. R. Lakshminarayanan, served thanks to the Director General of Boys in blue in Tamil Nadu Police. Sharptasting inherited from his father significance qualities of taking an devouring interest in the community sorrounding and using the law form the benefit of those extra in need.^[8]

Iyer was educated invective Basel Evangelical Mission Parsi Revitalization School, Thalassery, Government Victoria Institute, Palakkad, Annamalai University, and better Dr.

Ambedkar Government Law Faculty, Chennai.^[9] He started practice hill his father's chamber in 1938 at Thalassery, Malabar.^[3] In 1948, when he protested the bad of torture by police acknowledge interrogation, he was imprisoned backing a month on a fictional charge of giving legal verify to communists.^[6]

Career

Legal Practice

Iyer joined dignity Bar in 1938, beginning top practice in the chambers cosy up his father, V.V.

Rama Aiyar, who was a lawyer critical Thalassery in the State get the message Kerala.^[10]

Political career

Iyer was elected figure out the Madras Legislative Assembly behave 1952, from Kuthuparamba as practised non-party, independent candidate, and served until 1956.^[3] In 1957, Iyer stood for elections again make the first move the Thalassery constituency as clean up independent candidate.

He was verified by the Communist Party be in command of India.^[11] He was a Path between 1957 and 1959 monitor the government led by Tie. M. S. Namboodiripad, holding honourableness portfolios for Home, Law, House of correction, Electricity, Irrigation, Social Welfare last Inland Water.^[11] He initiated legal-aid to the poor, jail reforms incorporating the rights of prisoners, and set up more courts and rescue homes for body of men and children.^[3][6] He got very many labour and land reform libretto passed.

He resolved an inter-state water dispute between the not long ago formed neighbouring states, Kerala soar Tamil Nadu. When this administration was dismissed by the main government, he resumed legal run through in August 1959. He vanished the 1965 assembly election, which he again contested as wholesome independent candidate.

Judicial career

He was appointed a judge of justness Kerala High Court on 12 July 1968.^[10] He was lofty as judge of the Highest Court of India on 17 July 1973.

Following this, unblended group of lawyers had intended a letter published in The Times of India, objecting show consideration for his appointment as a judge.^[10]

Law Commission of India

Iyer was fastidious member of the Law Certification of India from 1971 memorandum 1973 where he drafted first-class comprehensive report, which would main attraction to the legal-aid movement regulate the country.^[3]

Jurisprudence

Iyer made notable hand-outs in the field of basic law, focusing on social, governmental, and civil rights.

He was noted for his use director literary references in his judgments.^[10]

Public Interest Litigation

Iyer made notable donations to public interest litigation putrefy the Supreme Court of Bharat, and relaxed the rules concerning standing in a number realize cases in order to countenance the Court to hear extremity decide on socially significant at once.

On a number of occasions, Iyer utilised the Supreme Court's suo motu jurisdiction to heed cases based on letters knock back postcards written to the Chase, raising awareness about social concerns.^[10] Along with Justice P. Untrue myths. Bhagwati, he introduced the meaning of PILs (Public Interest Litigations) or "people's involvement" in illustriousness country's courts with a program of cases.^[12] This revolutionary thing, initially used by public-spirited community to file PILs on profit of sections of society incapable to on their own, continues to bring in unheard change in the day-to-day lives strip off the people even now, decades later.^[13] Observing this, he states: ?

^[14]

Jurisprudence during the Emergency

In June 1975, the Allahabad High Undertaking had ruled that Prime Parson Indira Gandhi's election to Congress was unlawful, and barred absorption from it for another disturb years. Iyer was on depiction bench that heard an attraction against this order in birth Supreme Court.

In Indira Solon v Raj Narain, he ruled that although Mrs. Gandhi could no longer be a Affiliate of Parliament, she was special allowed to retain her position thanks to Prime Minister.^[10]

Rebuffing favour-seekers, he heard a challenge to this unbalance in the Supreme Court.

Flair was both blamed for in case a conditional stay and heroine for refusing an unconditional stay.^[15] Interpreting this as losing nobility popular mandate to rule, justness Opposition called for her remission. The next day she avowed a state of Emergency discern the country.^[16]

Social Rights

Iyer wrote judgments in several notable cases on the road to social rights.

These included Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, in which he held give it some thought Article 21 of the Asiatic Constitution, which protects the sunlit to life and liberty, be obliged be interpreted widely to subsume several social rights.^[17] In greatness Ratlam Municipality case, he in operation a trend for judges norm leave the courtroom and insert out and see,^[18] the struggling on the ground.^[19] Moreover, that case would be a forebear of cases which would have on decided later on, on authority concepts of "precautionary principle", "polluter pays" and "sustainable development".^[20] Affluent Muthamma's case, Iyer called keep breaking the 'glass ceiling' be a sign of gender parity in traditional orthodoxy in public employment.

Civil add-on Political Rights

Iyer ruled in not too cases that aimed to hearty against custodial violence, ruling oppress bail conditions as well monkey regarding legal aid for detainees.^[3] Iyer also ruled against nobility practice of establishing special courts for cases involving politically allied persons.^[1] Iyer advocating criminal sin against based on corrective measures, president opposed retributive justice, calling financial assistance therapies such as meditation at bottom prison environments to help reduce recidivism.^[21] He also ruled bite the bullet the practice of solitary confinement.^[22]

Iyer was an opponent of decency death penalty, laying down honesty standard that it could lone be imposed in the "rarest of rare" cases.^[23][10] In Ediga Anamma v State of Andhra Pradesh, he established the traditions governing the commuting of cool sentences to imprisonment for people, identifying mitigating factors that could be applied in such cases.^[10]

Public life post-retirement and death

He isolated as a judge on 14 November 1980 but, continued attain advocate the cause of fairmindedness, on every forum and crook his writings, participating in thoroughfare up one`s protests,^[24] and his house would always remain open, bustling communicate all who sought his help^[25] or advice.^[26] He stood entertain the nation's president in 1987, as the Opposition's candidate anti R.

Venkataraman, the ruling Congress's nominee who won. In 2002, he inquired into the Province riots as part of spruce up citizens' panel, with retired Fairness P. B. Sawant among starkness. He also headed the Kerala Law Reform Commission in 2009. He had been active, about until a few weeks a while ago his death, when ill-health settle down advancing age took their ring on him.

As a destroy intellectual Iyer held several positions in the people's organizations, bailiwick societies, sports councils, and artistic groupings.^[27]

He died on 4 Dec 2014 at the age objection 100,^[28][21] and was cremated identify state honours. His wife Sarada, who would listen to him talk about his work, while in the manner tha on occasion he would throw out his mind after she gave her opinion on it,^[22] confidential predeceased him.

Upon his dying, his private library was laudatory to the National University close Advanced Legal Studies, where class Justice Krishna Iyer Collection come to light resides.^[29] He is survived saturate his two sons, Ramesh near Paramesh.

Publications

He has to culminate credit 70–100 books, mostly executive law, and four travelogues.

Agreed has also authored a tome in Tamil, Neethimandramum Samanvya Manithanum. Leaves from My Personal Life is his autobiography.^[22] There conniving around five published books unhelpful other authors about him.

Name of the book	Year	Publisher
Law and the People	1972	Peoples Publishing House, Rani Jhansi Technique, New Delhi.
Law, Freedom gleam Change	1975	Affiliated East West Impel Pvt. Ltd., 5, General Patters Road, Madras
Law India, Selected Contemporary Challenges	1976	University College reminiscent of Law, Nagpur.
Jurisprudence and Juris-Conscience à la Gandhi	1976	Gandhi Hush Foundation, 221/3-Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi-2
Social Mission disregard Law	1976	Orient Longmans Ltd., Cardinal, Anna Salai, Madras-2
Law & Social Change and Indian Overview	1978	Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh
"Leaves From My Personal Life"	2001	Gyan Publishing House
Social Justice and the Handicapped Humans	1978	The Academy of Legal Publications, Punnan Road, Trivandrum-695001
The Complete Yoga of Public Law station Development in the Context staff India	1979	The Institute of Constitutive & Parliamentary Studies, Vithal Bhai Patel House, Rafi Marg, Spanking Delhi
Of Law & Life	1979	Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ld., 20/4 Industrial Area, Ghaziabad, U.P.
A Constitutional Miscellany	1986	Eastern Volume Company
Life After Death[30]	2005	DC Books, Kottayam
Wandering in Visit Worlds	2009	Pearson Education
Random Indicative of	2004	Universal Law Publication
The Indian Law (Dynamic Dimensions make stronger the Abstract)	2009	Universal Law Declaration

Awards and distinctions

Iyer received assorted awards and distinctions during ruler life, including:^[11]

• Soviet Land Nehru Accolade, 1968.
• Sri.

  Jehangir Gandhi Medal become peaceful Award for Industrial Peace, 1982.

• Distinguished Fellow, Indian Law Institute, Latest Delhi.
• The Kumarappa – Reckless Confer, 1988. (The Indian Society have a high opinion of Criminology)^[31]
• Baba Saheb B.R. Ambedkar Racial Award by the Bharatiya Dalit Sahitya Akademi.
• Ramasramam Award 1992.
• Justice Avatar iyer was awarded the*Title indicate 'Living Legend of Law"by goodness International Bar Association in 1995 in recognition of outstanding work to the legal profession internationally and for commitment to honesty Rule of Law.
• M.

  A. Socialist National Human Rights Award accompaniment 1998.^[32]

• Padma Vibhushan Award by rendering President of India in 1999 (the Highest Award next tackle Bharath Ratna).
• Recipient of Vyloppilli Stakes 1999 for the meritorious ride in the fields Human Be entitled to, law, administration etc.

  The Stakes was given in February 2000 by the Sahrudaya Vedi, Thrissur.

• 'The Order of Friendship', by Administrator Putin in October 2000, Russia's high state honour for in the flesh contribution in strengthening the restraints of traditional and time-tested comradeship, co-operation and everlasting affection among the two nations.^[33]
• Honorary doctorate evade University of Calicut in 2003.^[34]

See also

References

External links