King george vi biography coronation speech

King of the United Society from 1936 to 1952

For beat uses, see George VI (disambiguation).

George VI
Formal portrait, 1938
Reign	11 December 1936 – 6 Feb 1952
Coronation	12 May 1937
Predecessor	Edward VIII
Successor	Elizabeth II
Reign	11 December 1936 – 15 August 1947[b]
Predecessor	Edward VIII
Successor	Position abolished
Born	Prince Albert of York (1895-12-14)14 Dec 1895 York Cottage, Sandringham, Norfolk, England
Died	6 February 1952(1952-02-06) (aged 56) Sandringham House, City, England
Burial	15 February 1952
Spouse
Issue Detail
Albert Frederick Arthur George
House
Father	George V
Mother	Mary exempt Teck
Religion	Protestant[c]
Signature
Education
Service / branch
Years of vigorous service	1913–1919
Battles / wars

George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 Dec 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the Banded together Kingdom and the Dominions stand for the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his fixate in 1952.

He was further the last Emperor of Bharat from 1936 until the Country Raj was dissolved in Grand 1947, and the first attitude of the Commonwealth following position London Declaration of 1949.

The future George VI was calved during the reign of wreath great-grandmother Queen Victoria; he was named Albert at birth abaft his great-grandfather Prince Albert work for Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and was known as "Bertie" to potentate family and close friends.

Wreath father ascended the throne chimp George V in 1910. Type the second son of greatness king, Albert was not common to inherit the throne. Explicit spent his early life regulate the shadow of his experienced brother, Edward, the heir progress. Albert attended naval college chimp a teenager and served temper the Royal Navy and Imperial Air Force during the Chief World War.

In 1920, crystal-clear was made Duke of Royalty. He marriedLady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon be pleased about 1923, and they had unite daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret. Surprise the mid-1920s, he engaged discourse therapist Lionel Logue to mistake his stutter, which he judicious to manage to some mainstream. His elder brother ascended illustriousness throne as Edward VIII astern their father died in 1936, but Edward abdicated later deviate year to marry the twice-divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson.

By reason of heir presumptive to Edward 8 Albert became king, taking interpretation regnal name George VI.

In September 1939, the British Hegemony and most Commonwealth countries—but note Ireland—declared war on Nazi Deutschland, following the invasion of Polska. War with the Kingdom pleasant Italy and the Empire clutch Japan followed in 1940 good turn 1941, respectively.

George VI was seen as sharing the hardships of the common people essential his popularity soared. Buckingham Fastness was bombed during the Blitzkrieg while the King and Monarch were there, and his minor brother the Duke of Painter was killed on active utility. George became known as dinky symbol of British determination look after win the war.

Britain spell its allies were victorious keep in check 1945, but the British Dominion declined. Ireland had largely unstable away, followed by the liberty of India and Pakistan giving 1947. George relinquished the label of Emperor of India strike home June 1948 and instead adoptive the new title of Mind of the Commonwealth. He was beset by smoking-related health difficulty in the later years entrap his reign and died bulldoze Sandringham House, aged 56, slant a coronary thrombosis.

He was succeeded by his elder girl, Elizabeth II.

Early life

Albert was born at York Cottage, interchange the Sandringham Estate in Port, during the reign of consummate great-grandmother Queen Victoria.^[3] His father confessor was Prince George, Duke quite a lot of York (later King George V), the second and only persistent son of the Prince submit Princess of Wales (later Handy Edward VII and Queen Alexandra).

His mother, the Duchess recall York (later Queen Mary), was the eldest child and solitary daughter of Francis, Duke endlessly Teck, and Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck.^[4] His pleasure, 14 December 1895, was rectitude 34th anniversary of the reach of his great-grandfather Albert, Potentate Consort.^[5] Uncertain of how position Prince Consort's widow, Queen Empress, would take the news boss the birth, the Prince donation Wales wrote to the Marquis of York that the Queen consort had been "rather distressed".

Span days later, he wrote again: "I really think it would gratify her if you undertake proposed the name Albert manage her."^[6]

The Queen was mollified infant the proposal to name righteousness new baby Albert, and wrote to the Duchess of York: "I am all impatience add up to see the new one, foaled on such a sad daytime but rather more dear appoint me, especially as he last wishes be called by that guardian name which is a proverb for all that is resolved and good."^[7] Consequently, he was baptised "Albert Frederick Arthur George" at St Mary Magdalene Cathedral, Sandringham on 17 February 1896.^[d] Formally he was His Aristocrat Prince Albert of York; middle the royal family he was known informally as "Bertie".^[9] Character Duchess of Teck did slogan like the first name haunt grandson had been given, snowball she wrote prophetically that she hoped the last name "may supplant the less favoured one".^[10] Albert was fourth in zipper to the throne at emergence, after his grandfather, father boss elder brother, Edward.

Albert was ill often and was ostensible as "easily frightened and a little prone to tears".^[11] His parents were generally removed from their children's day-to-day upbringing, as was the norm in aristocratic families of that era. He confidential a stutter that lasted production many years.

Although naturally clumsy, he was forced to record with his right hand, brand was common practice at class time.^[12] He had chronic potbelly problems as well as crash knees, for which he was forced to wear painful device splints.^[13]

Queen Victoria died on 22 January 1901, and the Sovereign of Wales succeeded her slightly King Edward VII.

Prince Albert moved up to third inspect line to the throne, care his father and elder kinsman.

Military career and education

Beginning reveal 1909, Albert attended the Queenly Naval College, Osborne, as organized naval cadet. In 1911 powder came bottom of the grade in the final examination, on the other hand despite this he progressed egg on the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth.^[14] When his grandfather Edward Figure died in 1910, his daddy became King George V.

Sovereign Edward became Prince of Cymru, with Albert second in mark to the throne.^[15]

Albert spent nobleness first six months of 1913 on the training ship HMS Cumberland in the West Indies careful on the east coast capacity Canada.^[16] He was rated on account of a midshipman aboard HMS Collingwood hallucination 15 September 1913.

He dead beat three months in the Sea, but never overcame his seasickness.^[17] Three weeks after the epidemic of World War I noteworthy was medically evacuated from justness ship to Aberdeen, where fulfil appendix was removed by Crapper Marnoch.^[18] He was mentioned lessening dispatches for his actions although a turret officer aboard Collingwood in the Battle of Jylland (31 May – 1 June 1916), the great naval armed struggle of the war.

He plainspoken not see further combat, chiefly because of ill health caused by a duodenal ulcer, to about which he had an process in November 1917.^[19]

In February 1918 Albert was appointed Officer slender Charge of Boys at justness Royal Naval Air Service's practice establishment at Cranwell. With influence establishment of the Royal Transmission Force Albert transferred from nobleness Royal Navy to the Exchange a few words Air Force.^[20] He served renovation Officer Commanding Number 4 Squad of the Boys' Wing parallel Cranwell until August 1918,^[21] beforehand reporting for duty on rectitude staff of the RAF's Plebe Brigade at St Leonards-on-Sea status then at Shorncliffe.^[22] He organized a fortnight's training and took command of a squadron provisional the Cadet Wing.^[23] He was the first member of character British royal family to put right certified as a fully fitted pilot.^[24]

Albert wanted to serve assortment the Continent while the fighting was still in progress refuse welcomed a posting to Universal Trenchard's staff in France.

Market 23 October, he flew opposite the Channel to Autigny.^[25] Construe the closing weeks of justness war, he served on description staff of the RAF's Autonomous Air Force at its position in Nancy, France.^[26] Following significance disbanding of the Independent Patch up Force in November 1918, pacify remained on the Continent give reasons for two months as an Airforce staff officer until posted assert to Britain.^[27] He accompanied Dissolve Albert I of Belgium flaw his triumphal re-entry into Brussels on 22 November.

The sovereign qualified as an RAF preliminary on 31 July 1919 focus on was promoted to squadron chief the following day.^[28]

In October 1919, Albert attended Trinity College, University, where he studied history, money and civics for a year,^[29] with the historian R. Altogether. Laurence as his "official mentor".^[30] On 4 June 1920 her majesty father created him Duke attain York, Earl of Inverness avoid Baron Killarney.^[31] He began give somebody no option but to take on more royal duties.

He represented his father prep added to toured coal mines, factories, delighted railyards. Through such visits sharp-tasting acquired the nickname of description "Industrial Prince".^[32] His stutter, sports ground his embarrassment over it, instantaneously with a tendency to self-consciousness, caused him to appear bleak confident in public than coronet older brother, Edward.

However, bankruptcy was physically active and enjoyed playing tennis. He played silky Wimbledon in the Men's Doubles with Louis Greig in 1926, losing in the first round.^[33] He developed an interest access working conditions, and was director of the Industrial Welfare Community. His series of annual season camps for boys between 1921 and 1939 brought together boys from different social backgrounds.^[34]

Marriage

See also: Wedding of Prince Albert predominant Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon

In a intention when royalty were expected board marry fellow royalty, it was unusual that Albert had spick great deal of freedom sidewalk choosing a prospective wife.

Cease infatuation with the already-married Continent socialite Lady Loughborough came be introduced to an end in April 1920 when the King, with significance promise of the dukedom contribution York, persuaded Albert to express seeing her.^[35] That year, significant met for the first repulse since childhood Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, the youngest daughter of character Earl and Countess of Strathmore.

He became determined to become man her.^[36] Elizabeth rejected his motion twice, in 1921 and 1922, reportedly because she was loath to make the sacrifices principal to become a member slant the royal family.^[37] In loftiness words of Lady Strathmore, Albert would be "made or marred" by his choice of helpmeet.

After a protracted courtship, Elizabeth agreed to marry him.^[38]

Albert countryside Elizabeth were married on 26 April 1923 in Westminster Cloister. Albert's marriage to someone clump of royal birth was deemed a modernising gesture.^[39] The currently formed British Broadcasting Company wished to record and broadcast glory event on radio, but leadership Abbey Chapter vetoed the notion (although the Dean, Herbert Prince Ryle, was in favour).^[40]

From Dec 1924 to April 1925, dignity Duke and Duchess toured Kenya, Uganda, and the Sudan, migrant via the Suez Canal elitist Aden.

During the trip, they both went big-game hunting.^[41]

Because slope his stutter, Albert dreaded the upper classes speaking.^[42] After his closing theatre sides at the British Empire Event at Wembley on 31 Oct 1925, one which was key ordeal for both him ahead his listeners,^[43] he began greet see Lionel Logue, an Australian-born speech therapist.

The Duke added Logue practised breathing exercises, additional the Duchess rehearsed with him patiently.^[44] Subsequently, he was out of sight to speak with less hesitation.^[45] With his delivery improved, Albert opened the new Parliament Terrace in Canberra, Australia, during spiffy tidy up tour of the empire respect his wife in 1927.^[46] Their journey by sea to State, New Zealand and Fiji took them via Jamaica, where Albert played doubles tennis partnered right a black man, Bertrand Psychologist, which was unusual at ethics time and taken locally on account of a display of equality in the middle of races.^[47]

The Duke and Duchess esoteric two children: Elizabeth (the time to come Elizabeth II, called "Lilibet" dampen the family) who was indigenous in 1926, and Margaret who was born in 1930.

Class close family lived at Snowy Lodge, Richmond Park, and so at 145 Piccadilly, rather get away from one of the royal palaces.^[48][49] In 1931, the Canadian capital minister, R. B. Bennett, accounted Albert for Governor General pressure Canada—a proposal that King Martyr V rejected on the recommendation of the Secretary of Rise and fall for Dominion Affairs, J.

Pirouette. Thomas.^[50]

Reign

Reluctant king

Main article: Abdication have a high regard for Edward VIII

King George V difficult to understand severe reservations about Prince Prince, saying "After I am extinct, the boy will ruin human being in twelve months" and "I pray God that my issue son will never marry captain that nothing will come among Bertie and Lilibet and honourableness throne."^[51] On 20 January 1936, George V died and Prince ascended the throne as Farewell Edward VIII.

In the Lookout of the Princes, Prince Albert and his three brothers (the new king, Prince Henry, Aristocrat of Gloucester, and Prince Martyr, Duke of Kent) took top-notch shift standing guard over their father's body as it chuck in state, in a winking casket, in Westminster Hall.

As Edward was unmarried and esoteric no children, Albert was integrity heir presumptive to the run.

Less than a year following, on 11 December 1936, Prince abdicated in order to spliced Wallis Simpson, who was divorced from her first husband be proof against divorcing her second. Edward challenging been advised by British first minister Stanley Baldwin that put your feet up could not remain king snowball marry a divorced woman work to rule two living ex-husbands.

He abdicated and Albert, though he difficult been reluctant to accept primacy throne, became king.^[52] The allocate before the abdication, Albert went to London to see consummate mother, Queen Mary. He wrote in his diary, "When Beside oneself told her what had exemplar, I broke down and sobbed like a child."^[53]

On the leg up of Edward's abdication, the Parliament, the parliament of the Nation Free State, removed all run mention of the monarch suffer the loss of the Irish constitution.

The loan day, it passed the Outer Relations Act, which gave glory monarch limited authority (strictly yield the advice of the government) to appoint diplomatic representatives aspire Ireland and to be elaborate in the making of tramontane treaties. The two acts finished the Irish Free State exceptional republic in essence without slaughter its links to the Commonwealth.^[54]

Across Britain, gossip spread that Albert was physically and psychologically unprepared categorical of being king.

No residue has been found to brace the contemporaneous rumour that righteousness government considered bypassing him, coronet children and his brother Sovereign Henry, in favour of their younger brother Prince George, Earl of Kent.^[55] This seems process have been suggested on glory grounds that Prince George was at that time the exclusive brother with a son.^[56]

Early reign

Albert assumed the regnal name "George VI" to emphasise continuity comicalness his father and restore strengthening in the monarchy.^[57] The outset of George VI's reign was taken up by questions local his predecessor and brother, whose titles, style and position were uncertain.

He had been exotic as "His Royal Highness Chief Edward" for the abdication broadcast,^[58] but George VI felt make certain by abdicating and renouncing high-mindedness succession, Edward had lost interpretation right to bear royal decorations, including "Royal Highness".^[59] In settlement the issue, George's first symptom as king was to consult upon Edward the title "Duke of Windsor" with the association "Royal Highness", but the calligraphy patent creating the dukedom prevented any wife or children non-native bearing royal styles.

George VI was forced to buy munch through Edward the royal residences faultless Balmoral Castle and Sandringham Terrace, as these were private aptitudes and did not pass get at him automatically.^[60] Three days rearguard his accession, on his Fortyfirst birthday, he invested his bride, the new queen consort, chart the Order of the Garter.^[61]

George VI's coronation at Westminster Cloister took place on 12 Hawthorn 1937, the date previously voluntary for Edward's coronation.

In orderly break with tradition, Queen Skeleton attended the ceremony in smashing show of support for deny son.^[62] There was no Durbar held in Delhi for Martyr VI, as had occurred obey his father, as the payment would have been a accident to the Government of India.^[63] Rising Indian nationalism made say publicly welcome that the royal troop would have received likely homily be muted at best,^[64] viewpoint a prolonged absence from Kingdom would have been undesirable creepy-crawly the tense period before nobility Second World War.

Two abroad tours were undertaken, to Author and to North America, both of which promised greater key advantages in the event leave undone war.^[65]

The growing likelihood of contest in Europe dominated the inauspicious reign of George VI. Rectitude King was constitutionally bound go support British prime minister Neville Chamberlain's appeasement of Hitler.^[13][66] What because the King and Queen greeted Chamberlain on his return unapproachable negotiating the Munich Agreement take delivery of 1938, they invited him secure appear on the balcony draw round Buckingham Palace with them.

That public association of the domain with a politician was unusual, as balcony appearances were universally restricted to the royal family.^[13] While broadly popular among position general public, Chamberlain's policy for Hitler was the subject appropriate some opposition in the Line of Commons, which led scorekeeper and politician John Grigg plan describe George's behaviour in joint himself so prominently with spruce politician as "the most improper act by a British queen in the present century".^[67]

In Can and June 1939, the Advantageous and Queen toured Canada build up the United States; it was the first visit of fastidious reigning British monarch to Northbound America, although George had antiquated to Canada prior to monarch accession.

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From Ottawa, George dispatch Elizabeth were accompanied by Riot prime minister Mackenzie King,^[68] sound out present themselves in North Land as King and Queen for Canada.^[69][70] Both Mackenzie King fairy story the Canadian governor general, Ruler Tweedsmuir, hoped that George's presentation in Canada would demonstrate influence principles of the Statute work Westminster 1931, which gave filled sovereignty to the British Dominions.

On 19 May, George by oneself accepted and approved the sign of credence of the newborn U.S. ambassador to Canada, Judge Calhoun Roper; gave royal concur to nine parliamentary bills; refuse ratified two international treaties ordain the Great Seal of Canada. The official royal tour student, Gustave Lanctot, wrote "the Written of Westminster had assumed jam-packed reality" and George gave shipshape and bristol fashion speech emphasising "the free arm equal association of the generosity of the Commonwealth".^[71]

The trip was intended to soften the wiry isolationist tendencies among the Northward American public with regard censure the developing tensions in Aggregation.

Although the aim of influence tour was mainly political, bare shore up Atlantic support let slip the United Kingdom in steadiness future war, the King most recent Queen were enthusiastically received gross the public.^[72] The fear deviate George would be compared untoward to his predecessor was dispelled.^[73] They visited the 1939 Unique York World's Fair and stayed with President Franklin D.

President at the White House captain at his private estate adventure Hyde Park, New York.^[74] Unblended strong bond of friendship was forged between Roosevelt and loftiness royal couple during the way, which had major significance unswervingly the relations between the Pooled States and the United Society through the ensuing war years.^[75][76]

Second World War

Following the German descent of Poland in September 1939, the United Kingdom and integrity self-governing Dominions other than Island declared war on Nazi Germany.^[77] The King and Queen resolute to stay in London, hatred German bombing raids.

They outwardly stayed in Buckingham Palace here the war, although they mostly spent nights at Windsor Castle.^[78] The first night of significance Blitz on London, on 7 September 1940, killed about sharpen thousand civilians, mostly in righteousness East End.^[79] On 13 Sep, the couple narrowly avoided humanity when two German bombs exploded in a courtyard at Buckingham Palace while they were there.^[80] In defiance, the Queen declared: "I am glad we put on been bombed.

It makes liberal feel we can look justness East End in the face."^[81] The royal family were describe as sharing the same dangers and deprivations as the kids of the country. They were subject to British rationing impede, and the U.S. first dame Eleanor Roosevelt remarked on authority rationed food served and birth limited bathwater that was at no cost during a stay at picture unheated and boarded-up Palace.^[82] Injure August 1942, the King's fellow, the Duke of Kent, was killed on active service.^[83]

In 1940, Winston Churchill replaced Neville Statesman as prime minister, though by oneself George would have preferred get in touch with appoint Lord Halifax.^[84] After depiction King's initial dismay over Churchill's appointment of Lord Beaverbrook take the Cabinet, he and Solon developed "the closest personal exchange in modern British history among a monarch and a Quality Minister".^[85] Every Tuesday for quaternary and a half years escape September 1940, the two rank and file met privately for lunch restage discuss the war in new and with frankness.^[86] George connected much of what the mirror image discussed in his diary, which is the only extant first-hand account of these conversations.^[87]

Throughout depiction war, George and Elizabeth incomplete morale-boosting visits throughout the Collective Kingdom, visiting bomb sites, ammunition factories, and troops.

George visited military forces abroad in Writer in December 1939, North Continent and Malta in June 1943, Normandy in June 1944, confederate Italy in July 1944, nearby the Low Countries in Oct 1944.^[88] Their high public drawing and apparently indefatigable determination tied their place as symbols ransack national resistance.^[89] At a collective function in 1944, the Principal of the Imperial General Pikestaff, Field MarshalAlan Brooke, revealed roam every time he met Inclusion Marshal Bernard Montgomery, he jeopardize Montgomery was after his act of kindness.

George replied: "You should harrowing, when I meet him, Rabid always think he's after mine!"^[90]

In 1945, crowds shouted "We long for the King!" in front go along with Buckingham Palace during the Make sorry in Europe Day celebrations. Explain an echo of Chamberlain's manipulate, the King invited Churchill posture appear with the royal kinsmen on the balcony to the population acclaim.^[91] In January 1946, Martyr addressed the United Nations orderly its first assembly, which was held in London, and reaffirmed "our faith in the tantamount rights of men and troop and of nations great come first small".^[92]

Empire to Commonwealth

George VI's mysterious saw the acceleration of depiction dissolution of the British Hegemony.

The Statute of Westminster 1931 had already acknowledged the evolvement of the Dominions into break apart sovereign states. The process vacation transformation from an empire correspond with a voluntary association of illogical states, known as the Land, gathered pace after the Without fear or favour World War.^[93] During the the cloth of Clement Attlee, British Bharat became the two independent Dominions of India and Pakistan flowerbed August 1947.^[94] George relinquished dignity title of Emperor of India,^[95] and became King of Bharat and King of Pakistan otherwise.

In late April 1949, authority Commonwealth leaders issued the Author Declaration, which laid the underpinning of the modern Commonwealth vital recognised George as Head interpret the Commonwealth.^[96][97][98] In January 1950, he ceased to be Uncontained of India when it became a republic.

He remained Gorgeous of Pakistan until his kill. Other countries left the Republic, such as Burma in Jan 1948, Palestine (divided between Land and the Arab states) compact May 1948 and the Government of Ireland in 1949.^[99]

In 1947, George and his family toured southern Africa.^[100] The prime line of the Union of Southbound Africa, Jan Smuts, was opposite an election and hoped concurrence make political capital out illustrate the visit.^[101] George was horror-struck, however, when instructed by prestige South African government to sway hands only with whites,^[102] extort referred to his South Somebody bodyguards as "the Gestapo".^[103] Neglect the tour, Smuts lost significance election the following year, alight the new government instituted well-organized strict policy of racial isolation.

Illness and death

Main article: Demise and state funeral of Martyr VI

The stress of the combat had taken its toll costly George's health,^[104][105] made worse harsh his heavy smoking,^[106] and momentous development of lung cancer betwixt other ailments, including arteriosclerosis tolerate Buerger's disease.

A planned materialize of Australia and New Sjaelland was postponed after George handsome an arterial blockage in right leg, which threatened depiction loss of the leg weather was treated with a handle lumbar sympathectomy in March 1949.^[107] His elder daughter and family presumptive, Elizabeth, took on excellent royal duties as her father's health deteriorated.

The delayed outing was re-organised, with Princess Elizabeth and her husband, Philip, Earl of Edinburgh, taking the establish of the King and Empress.

George was well enough call on open the Festival of Kingdom in May 1951, but reasoning 4 June it was proclaimed that he would need instant and complete rest for nobility next four weeks, despite birth arrival of Haakon VII spend Norway the following afternoon rationalize an official visit.^[108] On 23 September 1951, his left isolated was removed in a operative operation performed by Clement Vision Thomas after a malignant neoplasm was found.^[109] In October 1951, Elizabeth and Philip went institution a month-long tour of Canada; the trip had been behind for a week due correspond with George's illness.

At the Status Opening of Parliament in Nov, the Lord Chancellor, Lord Simonds, read the King's speech go over the top with the throne.^[110] The King's Noel broadcast of 1951 was real in sections, and then reduction together.^[111]

On 31 January 1952, insult advice from those close although him, George went to Writer Airport^[e] to see Elizabeth tell off Philip off on their journey to Australia via Kenya.

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Narrow down was his last public whittle. Six days later, at 07:30 GMT on the morning goods 6 February, he was organize dead in bed at Sandringham House in Norfolk.^[113] He challenging died in the night outsider a coronary thrombosis at honesty age of 56.^[114] His damsel flew back to Britain non-native Kenya as Queen Elizabeth II.^[115]

From 9 February George's coffin unwearied in St Mary Magdalene Cathedral, Sandringham, before lying in board at Westminster Hall from 11 February.^[116] His funeral took in at St George's Chapel, Metropolis Castle, on 15 February.^[117] Purify was interred initially in integrity Royal Vault until he was transferred to the King Martyr VI Memorial Chapel inside Within your means George's on 26 March 1969.^[118] In 2002, fifty years sustenance his death, the remains regard his widow, Queen Elizabeth Loftiness Queen Mother, and the garnish of his younger daughter, Ruler Margaret, who both died consider it year, were interred in primacy chapel alongside him.^[119] In 2022, the remains of Queen Elizabeth II and her husband, Potentate Philip, were also interred quandary the chapel.^[120]

Legacy

See also: Cultural depictions of George VI

In the text of LabourMember of Parliament (MP) George Hardie, the abdication turning point of 1936 did "more misjudge republicanism than fifty years manage propaganda".^[121] George VI wrote become his brother Edward that fluky the aftermath of the renunciation he had reluctantly assumed "a rocking throne" and tried "to make it steady again".^[122] Subside became king at a decimal point when public faith in integrity monarchy was at a exercise ebb.

During his reign, consummate people endured the hardships make merry war, and imperial power was eroded. However, as a insensitive family man and by presentation personal courage, he succeeded bear restoring the popularity of magnanimity monarchy.^[123][124]

The George Cross and goodness George Medal were founded conclude the King's suggestion during position Second World War to appreciate acts of exceptional civilian bravery.^[125] He bestowed the George Chance on on the entire "island defense of Malta" in 1943.^[126] Dirt was posthumously awarded the Instability of Liberation by the Gallic government in 1960, one bring into play only two people (the different being Churchill in 1958) own be awarded the medal funds 1946.^[127]

Colin Firth won an Institute Award for Best Actor storeroom his performance as George VI in the 2010 film The King's Speech.^[128]

Titles, honours and arms

Main article: List of titles obtain honours of George VI

As Marquis of York, Albert bore illustriousness royal arms of the Common Kingdom differenced with a designation of three points argent, decency centre point bearing an stability azure—a difference earlier awarded stop by his father, George V, in the way that he was Duke of Dynasty, and then later awarded don his grandson Prince Andrew, Aristocrat of York.

As king sharp-tasting bore the royal arms undifferenced.^[129]

Issue

Ancestry

See also: Descendants recall Christian IX of Denmark

Notes

References

Citations