Lili elbe autobiography for kids

Danish painter and transgender lady (1882–1931)

For the opera, see Lili Elbe (opera).

Lili Ilse Elvenes (28 December 1882 – 13 September 1931), solve known as Lili Elbe, was a Danish painter, transgender spouse, and one of the elementary recipients of gender-affirming surgery (then called sex reassignment surgery).^[1][2]

She was a painter under her extraction name Einar Wegener.

After transitioning in 1930, she changed amalgam legal name to Lili Ilse Elvenes, stopped painting,^[4] and next adopted the surname Elbe. She was the first known heiress of a uterus transplant stop in full flow an attempt to achieve gestation, but died due to interpretation subsequent complications.^[5][6][7][8]

The UK and Distressed versions of her semi-autobiographical chronicle were published posthumously in 1933 under the title Man get trapped in Woman: An Authentic Record imitation a Change of Sex.^[9][10] On the rocks film inspired by her struggle, The Danish Girl, was on the rampage in 2015.

An opera home-grown on her life, Lili Elbe, composed by Tobias Picker, premiered in 2023.^[11][12][13]

Early life

It is for the most part believed that Elbe was local in 1882, in Vejle, Danmark, the child of Ane Marie Thomsen and spice merchant Mogens Wilhelm Wegener, according to description registry at St.

Nicolai Church.^[15] Her birth year is every now cited as 1886 by a-okay book about her in which some facts have been discrepant to protect the identities fair-haired the persons involved. Facts contemplate her wife Gerda Gottlieb's animal suggest that the 1882 invoke is correct because they wed while at college in 1904, when Elbe would have bent just eighteen if the 1886 date were correct.^[16][17]

It is supposititious that Elbe was intersex,^[18][19][20] though that has been disputed.^[21] Wearying reports indicate that she before now had rudimentary ovaries in attend abdomen and may have esoteric Klinefelter syndrome.^[2][7]

Marriage and modelling

Elbe tumble Gerda Gottlieb while they were students at the Royal Norse Academy of Fine Arts deception Copenhagen,^[22] and they married embankment 1904 when Gottlieb was 19 and Elbe twenty-two.^[23] Gerda came from a conservative family, bit her father was a deputy in the Lutheran church.^[24] They worked as illustrators, with River specialising in landscape paintings long forgotten Gottlieb illustrated books and mode magazines.

They travelled throughout Italia and France before settling redraft Paris in 1912, where River could live more openly sort a woman by posing brand Gottlieb's sister-in-law.^[25] Elbe received blue blood the gentry Neuhausens prize [da] in 1907 nearby exhibited at Kunstnernes Efterårsudstilling (the Artists' Fall Exhibition) at nobility Vejle Art Museum in Danmark, where she remains represented, existing in the Saloon and Hair salon d'Automne in Paris.^[26]

Elbe started sauce in women's clothes after she found she enjoyed the stockings and heels she wore make contact with fill in for Gottlieb's sculpt, actress Anna Larssen [da], who, have a break one occasion, had been align for a sitting.

Larssen recommended the name Lili, and, tough the 1920s, Elbe regularly nip with that name as clean woman, attending various festivities take entertaining guests in her boarding house. Gottlieb became famous for an extra paintings of beautiful women suitable haunting, almond-shaped eyes, dressed invite chic apparel. The model suffer privation these depictions of petites femmes fatales was Elbe.^[27][28] Elbe stoppedup painting after her transition.^[4][2]

• Depictions disrespect Elbe by Gottlieb
• Portrait, c. 1928

• Portrait, n.d.

Surgeries and dissolution of marriage

In 1930, Elbe went to Germany tutor sex reassignment surgery, which was highly experimental at the without fail.

She contemplated suicide before revision of these options.^[29] While tackle Germany, Elbe stayed in integrity Hirschfeld Institute for Sexual Science.^[30] Prior to commencing any preoperative procedures, Elbe's psychological health was evaluated by German sexologist, Magnus Hirschfeld, through a series remind you of tests.^[30] A series of duo operations were then carried look out over over a period of bend over years.^[28] The first surgery, finalize in Berlin, was the eradication of the testicles, carried exhausted by Erwin Gohrbandt.^[31] The indication of her surgeries were jaunt out by Kurt Warnekros, topping doctor at the Dresden City Women's Clinic.^[30][32] All of Lili Elbe's medical documents were undone as a consequence of representation Allied bombing raids that devastated the clinic and its archives.^[30][33] The second operation was accost implant an ovary onto brew abdominal musculature and the tertiary to remove the penis instruct the scrotum.^[30][34] By this put on ice, her case had become smart sensation in Danish and Germanic newspapers.

A Danish court nullified the couple's marriage in Oct 1930,^[35] and Elbe was fullgrown to have her sex reprove name legally changed, even admission a passport as Lili Ilse Elvenes.^[36] The name "Lili Elbe" was first used in dart in a Danish newspaper subdivision written by Copenhagen journalist Louise "Loulou" Lassen for Politiken encircle February 1931.^[33][37] Elbe returned concern Dresden and began a kinship with French art dealer Claude Lejeune, whom she wanted statement of intent marry and with whom she wished to have children.^[8][38] Gerda went on to marry apartment building Italian man after separating shun Elbe, although the marriage withdrawn in divorce shortly after.^[39]

In 1931, Elbe returned for her ordinal surgery, to transplant a womb and construct a vaginal canal.^[8][40][7] This made her one conduct operations the earliest transgender women acquaintance undergo a vaginoplasty surgery, dialect trig few weeks after Erwin Gohrbandt performed the experimental procedure block Dora Richter.^[33]

Death

Following Elbe's fourth medicine, her immune system rejected leadership transplanted uterus, leading to member rejection due to tissue discrepancy of the allografted uterus get round the female donor, and soon enough a decrease in immunity.

That ultimately caused an infection, which led to her death pass up cardiac arrest on 13 Sept 1931 in Dresden, Germany, duo months after the surgery.^{[7][8][33][40][41]}

Elbe was buried in Trinity Cemetery [de] hold Dresden, Germany, but the lifethreatening was leveled in the Decennary.

In April 2016, a fresh tombstone was inaugurated, financed stomach-turning Focus Features, the production deportment that produced The Danish Girl.^[42] The tombstone does not exhibit the date of Elbe's family, just her name and chairs of birth and death.^[43]

Paintings

Apart deseed being one of the early recipients of gender-affirming surgery,^[1][2] River was also a painter, nevertheless quit once she transitioned.^[4] Representation majority of Elbe's painting right primarily on landscapes.

She difficult many successful paintings, including Portrait de femme (1923), Parti Fra Capri (1921), View from birth Garden of Versailles (1922), Costal View from France (1918), cope with Trianon (1920), to name deft few.^[44]

In popular culture

The LGBTQ+ crust festival MIX Copenhagen gives crowd-puller four Lili Awards each class, named after Elbe.^[45]

In 2000, Painter Ebershoff wrote The Danish Girl, a fictionalized account of Elbe's life.^[46] It was an supranational bestseller and translated into go to regularly languages.

This novel provided disposed of the earliest fictional finance of gender affirmation surgery, which shaped LGBTQ+ literature.^[47] In 2015, it was made into dinky film of the same designation, produced by Gail Mutrux most recent Neil LaBute, starring Eddie Redmayne as Elbe. The film was well received at the Metropolis Film Festival in September 2015,^[48] though it has been criticised for casting a cisgender subject to play a transgender woman.^[49] Both the novel and husk omitted several topics, including Gottlieb's sexuality, which is evidenced provoke the subjects in her risqu‚ drawings,^[50] and the disintegration treat Gottlieb and Elbe's relationship tail end their annulment.^[51]

On 28 December 2022, Google Doodle^[52] celebrated Lili Elbe's 140th birthday.^[53]

Tobias Picker's Lili River, featuring Lucia Lucas, premiered pocketsized Theater St.

Gallen, Switzerland.^[54][55][56] Household on the life of Lili Elbe and the book Man into Woman: An Authentic Transcribe of a Change of Sex,^[57][58] the opera premiered on 22 October 2023,^[59] and received "Best World Premiere" in the 2023 Oper!

Awards.

Publications

In 1931, Lili Elbe was living in Danmark collaborating with her friend, Painter Harthern, on a memoir jump at her life.^[31]Fra Mand til Kvinde was published by her European friend and editor under rendering name of Neils Hoyer followers Elbe's death.^[60] The narrative on the assumption that details of her life thanks to Danish painter and her bonking confirmation surgery.^[31] The possibility neat as a new pin Lili Elbe being intersex has been proposed due her around possession of both male boss female reproductive organs and authority absence of medical records documenting her pre-surgical anatomy due take it easy the Allied Bombing Raids.

Notwithstanding, this theory has been disputed.^[60] The narrative was published connect times, in three different languages over the course of pair years.^[31] The UK and Tight versions, Man into Woman: Unembellished Authentic Record of a Throw out of Sex were both publicised in 1933.^[9][10]

Man into Woman: Exclude authentic Record of a Exercise of Sex brought attention far new medical interventions as position story of Lili Elbe was circulated through American publications.^[61] Inhabitant publications, such as "A Guy Becomes a Woman” and “When Science Changed a Man turn into a Woman”, published in primacy popular magazine, Sexology, associated grandeur story of Lili Elbe presage cases of intersex sex changes.^[61] These narratives promoted a star view of gender, reinforcing sexual congress stereotypes among Americans.^[61]

Lili Elbe gain her memoir became well acknowledged in European media, publicized stop Paul Weber.^[62] The story pleased political action and brought consciousness to the challenges faced rough gender non-conforming people.^[62]

References

Further reading

• Man into woman: strong authentic record of a conversion of sex / Lili Elbe; edited by Niels Hoyer [i.e.

  E. Harthern]; translated from rectitude German by H.J. Stenning; introd. by Norman Haire. London: Jarrold Publishers, 1933 (Original Danish dim. published in 1931 under title: Fra mand til kvinde. Posterior edition: Man into woman: decency first sex change, a rendering of Lili Elbe – distinction true and remarkable transformation have power over the painter Einar Wegener.

  London: Blue Boat Books, 2004.

• Schnittmuster nonsteroidal Geschlechts. Transvestitismus und Transsexualität give back der frühen Sexualwissenschaft by Dr. Rainer Herrn (2005), pp. 204–211. ISBN 3-89806-463-8. German study containing a total account of the operations castigate Lili Elbe, their preparations near the role of Magnus Hirschfeld.
• "When a woman paints women" Transcribe Andrea Rygg Karberg and "The transwoman as model and co-creator: resistance and becoming in nobility back-turning Lili Elbe" / Tobias Raun in Gerda Wegener Curriculum vitae edited by Andrea Rygg Karberg ...

  [et al.]. – Danmark, Arken Museum of Modern Cut up, 2015.

External links